EISTI-ING1-GI
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Java-2017-2018


			
				
					
						
						
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  <title>Interfaces graphiques avec Swing</title>
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<body>
<div class="doctitle">Interfaces graphiques avec Swing</div>
<nav id="TOC">
<ul>
<li><a href="#introduction">Introduction</a><ul>
<li><a href="#swing-et-java-se">Swing et Java SE</a><ul>
<li><a href="#une-librairie-historique">Une librairie historique…</a></li>
<li><a href="#partie-intégrante-de-la-spécification-java-se">… partie intégrante de la spécification Java SE</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#hello-world">Hello World</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#instructions-particulières">Instructions particulières</a><ul>
<li><a href="#fermeture-de-la-fenêtre">Fermeture de la fenêtre</a></li>
<li><a href="#ajout-dun-composant">Ajout d’un composant</a></li>
<li><a href="#affichage-de-la-fenêtre">Affichage de la fenêtre</a></li>
<li><a href="#dimensionnement-automatique-de-la-fenêtre">Dimensionnement automatique de la fenêtre</a></li>
<li><a href="#le-lancement-thread-safe">Le lancement Thread-safe</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#les-composants">Les composants</a><ul>
<li><a href="#le-paquet-awt">Le paquet AWT</a></li>
<li><a href="#awt-swing">AWT + Swing</a></li>
<li><a href="#composants-swing">Composants Swing</a><ul>
<li><a href="#composants-swing-basiques">Composants Swing basiques</a></li>
<li><a href="#composants-swing-boutons">Composants Swing : boutons</a></li>
<li><a href="#composants-swing-texte">Composants Swing : texte</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#disposition-des-éléments">Disposition des éléments</a><ul>
<li><a href="#layout-agencement-et-disposition">Layout : agencement et disposition</a><ul>
<li><a href="#section"></a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#composition-dihm">Composition d’IHM</a></li>
<li><a href="#exercices">Exercices</a><ul>
<li><a href="#jbutton-et-jlabel">JButton et JLabel</a></li>
<li><a href="#jbutton-et-jlabel-1">JButton et JLabel</a></li>
<li><a href="#jbutton-et-jlabel-2">JButton et JLabel</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#changer-dapparence">Changer d’apparence</a><ul>
<li><a href="#le-look-and-feel">Le Look And Feel</a><ul>
<li><a href="#expérimentation-du-look-and-feel">Expérimentation du Look And Feel</a></li>
<li><a href="#modification-en-cours-dexécution">Modification en cours d’exécution</a></li>
<li><a href="#modification-au-démarrage">Modification au démarrage</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="#larchitecture-des-swing">L’architecture des Swing</a><ul>
<li><a href="#larchitecture-mvc">L’architecture MVC</a></li>
<li><a href="#intérêt-de-mvc">Intérêt de MVC</a></li>
<li><a href="#swing-est-presque-mvc">Swing est (presque) MVC</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<h1 id="introduction">Introduction</h1>
<h2 id="swing-et-java-se">Swing et Java SE</h2>
<h3 id="une-librairie-historique">Une librairie historique…</h3>
<p>La librairie Swing est aujourd’hui largement utilisée dans de nombreuses applications Java.</p>
<div class="incremental">
<p>JavaFX est une librairie de substitution mise en avant par Oracle et présentée comme devant être privilégiée par rapport à Swing.</p>
</div>
<h3 id="partie-intégrante-de-la-spécification-java-se">… partie intégrante de la spécification Java SE</h3>
<p>Cependant, comme indiqué <a href="http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javafx/overview/faq-1446554.html#6">sur cette page</a>, Swing est et restera une partie de la spécification Java SE.</p>
<div class="incremental">
<p>Swing fait donc partie du JRE et le restera.</p>
</div>
<h2 id="hello-world">Hello World</h2>
<p>Le programme Hello World en Swing peut se faire de la manière suivante :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">package</span><span class="im"> com.example.swing;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-2" data-line-number="2"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.JFrame;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-4" data-line-number="4"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.JLabel;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-5" data-line-number="5"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.SwingUtilities;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">class</span> HelloSwing <span class="kw">implements</span> <span class="bu">Runnable</span> {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-8" data-line-number="8">    <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">run</span>(){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-9" data-line-number="9">        <span class="co">//Initialise la fenêtre</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-10" data-line-number="10">        <span class="bu">JFrame</span> frame = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">JFrame</span>(<span class="st">&quot;Hello Swing&quot;</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-11" data-line-number="11">        frame.<span class="fu">setDefaultCloseOperation</span>(<span class="bu">JFrame</span>.<span class="fu">EXIT_ON_CLOSE</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-12" data-line-number="12">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-13" data-line-number="13">        <span class="co">//Ajoute un label</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-14" data-line-number="14">        <span class="bu">JLabel</span> label = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">JLabel</span>(<span class="st">&quot;Hello World !!!&quot;</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-15" data-line-number="15">        frame.<span class="fu">getContentPane</span>().<span class="fu">add</span>(label);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-16" data-line-number="16">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-17" data-line-number="17">        <span class="co">//Positionne et redimensionne la fenêtre</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-18" data-line-number="18">        frame.<span class="fu">setBounds</span>(<span class="dv">200</span>, <span class="dv">200</span>, <span class="dv">300</span>, <span class="dv">240</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-19" data-line-number="19">        frame.<span class="fu">setVisible</span>(<span class="kw">true</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-20" data-line-number="20">    }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-21" data-line-number="21">    </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-22" data-line-number="22">    <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">static</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">main</span>(<span class="bu">String</span>[] args) {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-23" data-line-number="23">        <span class="bu">SwingUtilities</span>.<span class="fu">invokeLater</span>(<span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">HelloSwing</span>());</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-24" data-line-number="24">    }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb1-25" data-line-number="25">}</a></code></pre></div>
<p>Étapes principales:</p>
<ul>
<li>création d’une fenêtre (<code>JFrame</code>)</li>
<li>création d’un <code>JLabel</code></li>
<li>récupération du conteneur de la fenêtre (<code>getContentPane()</code>), un <code>JPanel</code></li>
<li>ajout du label (<code>add(label)</code>)</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="instructions-particulières">Instructions particulières</h1>
<h2 id="fermeture-de-la-fenêtre">Fermeture de la fenêtre</h2>
<p>L’instruction suivante permet de terminer le programme dès que la fenêtre est fermée:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb2-1" data-line-number="1">frame.<span class="fu">setDefaultCloseOperation</span>(<span class="bu">JFrame</span>.<span class="fu">EXIT_ON_CLOSE</span>);</a></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="ajout-dun-composant">Ajout d’un composant</h2>
<p>L’ajout d’un composant se fait en utilisant la méthode <code>add(JComponent)</code></p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb3-1" data-line-number="1">frame.<span class="fu">getContentPane</span>().<span class="fu">add</span>(label);</a></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="affichage-de-la-fenêtre">Affichage de la fenêtre</h2>
<p>Ajouter l’instruction suivante juste avant la ligne <code>frame.setVisible(true)</code> :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb4-1" data-line-number="1">frame.<span class="fu">setVisible</span>(<span class="kw">true</span>);</a></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="dimensionnement-automatique-de-la-fenêtre">Dimensionnement automatique de la fenêtre</h2>
<p>Ajouter l’instruction suivante juste avant la ligne <code>frame.setVisible(true)</code> :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb5-1" data-line-number="1">frame.<span class="fu">pack</span>();</a></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="le-lancement-thread-safe">Le lancement Thread-safe</h2>
<p>Comme indiqué <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/javax/swing/package-summary.html#threading">sur cette page</a> il est nécessaire de lancer l’interface ainsi:</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb6-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="bu">SwingUtilities</span>.<span class="fu">invokeLater</span>(<span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">HelloSwing</span>());</a></code></pre></div>
<p>Ceci est dû à la manière de gérer les événements et permet d’éviter des exceptions ou bugs lors de l’affichage du programme.</p>
<h1 id="les-composants">Les composants</h1>
<h2 id="le-paquet-awt">Le paquet AWT</h2>
<p>AWT = Abstract Window Toolkit</p>
<p>Ce paquet fait partie intégrante de l’API Java.</p>
<p>Il inclut des composants utilisables sur tous les environnements graphiques.</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/AWT-classes.png" alt="Classes AWT" /><figcaption>Classes AWT</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2 id="awt-swing">AWT + Swing</h2>
<p>Les composants Swing sont basés sur l’API AWT et les complètent avec des fonctionnalités supplémentaires.</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/AWT-classes+swing.png" alt="Classes AWT" /><figcaption>Classes AWT</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2 id="composants-swing">Composants Swing</h2>
<p>Ces composants sont indépendants des environnements graphiques.</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/Swing-classes.png" alt="Composants Swing" /><figcaption>Composants Swing</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="composants-swing-basiques">Composants Swing basiques</h3>
<p><code>JPanel</code> et <code>JLabel</code> sont les composants les plus basiques:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>JLabel</code>: affichage de texte et/ou image</li>
<li><code>JPanel</code>: conteneur de base</li>
</ul>
<figure>
<img src="images/Swing-classes-basiques.png" alt="Composants Swing" /><figcaption>Composants Swing</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="composants-swing-boutons">Composants Swing : boutons</h3>
<p>Les boutons permettent d’interagir avec la souris sur les interfaces</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/Swing-classes-boutons.png" alt="Composants Swing" /><figcaption>Composants Swing</figcaption>
</figure>
<h3 id="composants-swing-texte">Composants Swing : texte</h3>
<p>Les zones de texte permettent d’afficher/éditer du texte</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/Swing-classes-texte.png" alt="Composants Swing" /><figcaption>Composants Swing</figcaption>
</figure>
<h1 id="disposition-des-éléments">Disposition des éléments</h1>
<h2 id="layout-agencement-et-disposition">Layout : agencement et disposition</h2>
<p>Agencer les composants = assurer une cohérence visuelle</p>
<div class="incremental">
<p>Layout = Gestionnaire d’agencement</p>
<p>L’architecte d’intérieur de l’interface graphique</p>
<h3 id="section"></h3>
</div>
<h1 id="composition-dihm">Composition d’IHM</h1>
<h1 id="exercices">Exercices</h1>
<h2 id="jbutton-et-jlabel">JButton et JLabel</h2>
<p>Créer une fenêtre contenant:</p>
<ul>
<li>en premier, un JLabel affichant “&gt;”</li>
<li>en deuxième position, un JButton affichant le texte “Cliquez ici”</li>
<li>en premier, un JLabel affichant “&lt;”</li>
</ul>
<p>Dimensionner la fenêtre pour que les éléments soient disposés sur une seule ligne</p>
<h2 id="jbutton-et-jlabel-1">JButton et JLabel</h2>
<p>Créer une fenêtre contenant:</p>
<ul>
<li>en haut, un JLabel affichant “Bonjour”</li>
<li>en bas, un JButton affichant le texte “Valider”</li>
</ul>
<p>Faites en sorte que la dimension de la fenêtre</p>
<h2 id="jbutton-et-jlabel-2">JButton et JLabel</h2>
<p>Créer une fenêtre contenant:</p>
<ul>
<li>en haut, un JLabel affichant “Bonjour”</li>
<li>au milieu, un JTextArea contenant le texte <a href="https://loremipsum.io/fr/generator/?n=1&amp;t=p">généré sur cette page</a></li>
<li>en bas, un JButton affichant le texte “Valider”</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="changer-dapparence">Changer d’apparence</h1>
<h2 id="le-look-and-feel">Le Look And Feel</h2>
<p>Le <em>Look And Feel</em> est une couche spécifique pour modifier l’affichage et le comportement des composants graphiques.</p>
<p>Il peut être modifié au démarrage ou en cours d’exécution.</p>
<h3 id="expérimentation-du-look-and-feel">Expérimentation du Look And Feel</h3>
<p>Créer la classe <code>SwingExample.java</code> :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">package</span><span class="im"> com.example.swing;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-2" data-line-number="2"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> java.awt.BorderLayout;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-4" data-line-number="4"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-5" data-line-number="5"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.JButton;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-6" data-line-number="6"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.JFrame;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.JLabel;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-8" data-line-number="8"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.SwingUtilities;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-9" data-line-number="9"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.UIManager;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-10" data-line-number="10"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-11" data-line-number="11"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-12" data-line-number="12"><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">class</span> SwingExample {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-13" data-line-number="13">    <span class="kw">private</span> <span class="bu">JFrame</span> frame ;</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-14" data-line-number="14">    <span class="kw">private</span> <span class="bu">JLabel</span> label ;</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-15" data-line-number="15">    <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">init</span>(){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-16" data-line-number="16">        <span class="co">//Initialise la fenêtre</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-17" data-line-number="17">        frame = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">JFrame</span>(<span class="st">&quot;Swing Frame&quot;</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-18" data-line-number="18">        frame.<span class="fu">setDefaultCloseOperation</span>(<span class="bu">JFrame</span>.<span class="fu">EXIT_ON_CLOSE</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-19" data-line-number="19">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-20" data-line-number="20">        <span class="co">//Ajoute un label</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-21" data-line-number="21">        label = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">JLabel</span>(<span class="st">&quot;About to change Look and Feel&quot;</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-22" data-line-number="22">        frame.<span class="fu">getContentPane</span>().<span class="fu">add</span>(label, <span class="bu">BorderLayout</span>.<span class="fu">NORTH</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-23" data-line-number="23">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-24" data-line-number="24">        <span class="bu">JButton</span> button = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">JButton</span>(<span class="st">&quot;Does nothing&quot;</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-25" data-line-number="25">        frame.<span class="fu">getContentPane</span>().<span class="fu">add</span>(button, <span class="bu">BorderLayout</span>.<span class="fu">SOUTH</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-26" data-line-number="26">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-27" data-line-number="27">        <span class="co">//Positionne et redimensionne la fenêtre</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-28" data-line-number="28">        frame.<span class="fu">setBounds</span>(<span class="dv">200</span>, <span class="dv">200</span>, <span class="dv">300</span>, <span class="dv">240</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-29" data-line-number="29">        frame.<span class="fu">setVisible</span>(<span class="kw">true</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-30" data-line-number="30">    }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-31" data-line-number="31">    </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-32" data-line-number="32">    <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">setLookAndFeel</span>(<span class="bu">String</span> name, <span class="bu">String</span> className){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-33" data-line-number="33">        <span class="bu">SwingUtilities</span>.<span class="fu">invokeLater</span>(<span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Runnable</span>(){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-34" data-line-number="34">            <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">run</span>(){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-35" data-line-number="35">                <span class="kw">try</span> {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-36" data-line-number="36">                    <span class="bu">UIManager</span>.<span class="fu">setLookAndFeel</span>(className);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-37" data-line-number="37">                    label.<span class="fu">setText</span>(name);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-38" data-line-number="38">                    <span class="bu">SwingUtilities</span>.<span class="fu">updateComponentTreeUI</span>(frame);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-39" data-line-number="39">                    frame.<span class="fu">pack</span>();</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-40" data-line-number="40">                } <span class="kw">catch</span> (<span class="bu">ClassNotFoundException</span> | <span class="bu">InstantiationException</span> | <span class="bu">IllegalAccessException</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-41" data-line-number="41">                        | <span class="bu">UnsupportedLookAndFeelException</span> e) {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-42" data-line-number="42">                    e.<span class="fu">printStackTrace</span>();</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-43" data-line-number="43">                }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-44" data-line-number="44">            }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-45" data-line-number="45">        });</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-46" data-line-number="46">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-47" data-line-number="47">    }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb7-48" data-line-number="48">}</a></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="modification-en-cours-dexécution">Modification en cours d’exécution</h3>
<p>Créer et exécuter la classe exécutable <code>LookAndFeel.java</code> :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb8"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="kw">package</span><span class="im"> com.example.swing;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-2" data-line-number="2"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.SwingUtilities;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-4" data-line-number="4"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.UIManager;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-5" data-line-number="5"><span class="kw">import</span><span class="im"> javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo;</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-6" data-line-number="6"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="kw">public</span> <span class="kw">class</span> <span class="bu">LookAndFeel</span> {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-8" data-line-number="8">    <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">static</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">main</span>(<span class="bu">String</span>[] args) {        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-9" data-line-number="9">        SwingExample example = <span class="kw">new</span> <span class="fu">SwingExample</span>();</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-10" data-line-number="10">        <span class="bu">SwingUtilities</span>.<span class="fu">invokeLater</span>(<span class="kw">new</span> <span class="bu">Runnable</span>(){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-11" data-line-number="11">            <span class="kw">public</span> <span class="dt">void</span> <span class="fu">run</span>(){ example.<span class="fu">init</span>(); }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-12" data-line-number="12">        });</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-13" data-line-number="13">        </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-14" data-line-number="14">        LookAndFeelInfo[] lafiArray = <span class="bu">UIManager</span>.<span class="fu">getInstalledLookAndFeels</span>();</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-15" data-line-number="15">        <span class="dt">int</span> i = <span class="dv">0</span>;</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-16" data-line-number="16">        <span class="kw">while</span>(<span class="kw">true</span>){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-17" data-line-number="17">            <span class="kw">if</span>(i &gt;= lafiArray.<span class="fu">length</span>){</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-18" data-line-number="18">                i = <span class="dv">0</span>;</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-19" data-line-number="19">            }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-20" data-line-number="20">            LookAndFeelInfo lafi = lafiArray[i];</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-21" data-line-number="21">            <span class="bu">System</span>.<span class="fu">out</span>.<span class="fu">println</span>(lafi.<span class="fu">getName</span>()+<span class="st">&quot; : &quot;</span>+lafi.<span class="fu">getClassName</span>());</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-22" data-line-number="22">            <span class="kw">try</span> {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-23" data-line-number="23">                <span class="bu">Thread</span>.<span class="fu">sleep</span>(<span class="dv">2000</span>);</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-24" data-line-number="24"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-25" data-line-number="25">                example.<span class="fu">setLookAndFeel</span>(lafi.<span class="fu">getName</span>(), lafi.<span class="fu">getClassName</span>());</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-26" data-line-number="26">            } <span class="kw">catch</span> (<span class="bu">InterruptedException</span> e) {</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-27" data-line-number="27">                e.<span class="fu">printStackTrace</span>();</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-28" data-line-number="28">            }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-29" data-line-number="29">            i++;</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-30" data-line-number="30">        }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-31" data-line-number="31">    }</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb8-32" data-line-number="32">}</a></code></pre></div>
<h3 id="modification-au-démarrage">Modification au démarrage</h3>
<p>Créer une nouvelle classe nommée <code>FixedLookAndFeel</code>.</p>
<p>Dans la méthode <code>main</code>, utiliser la méthode suivante avec un Look And Feel de votre choix :</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb9"><pre class="sourceCode java"><code class="sourceCode java"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb9-1" data-line-number="1"><span class="bu">UIManager</span>.<span class="fu">setLookAndFeel</span>(<span class="bu">String</span> className);</a></code></pre></div>
<p>Afficher la fenêtre de SwingExample.</p>
<h1 id="larchitecture-des-swing">L’architecture des Swing</h1>
<h2 id="larchitecture-mvc">L’architecture MVC</h2>
<p>Modèle-Vue-Contrôleur</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/MVC.png" alt="MVC" /><figcaption>MVC</figcaption>
</figure>
<h2 id="intérêt-de-mvc">Intérêt de MVC</h2>
<figure>
<img src="images/MVC-utilisateur.png" alt="MVC" /><figcaption>MVC</figcaption>
</figure>
<ul>
<li>évolution</li>
<li>maintenance</li>
<li>vues multiples d’une même donnée</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="swing-est-presque-mvc">Swing est (presque) MVC</h2>
<p>Il a été difficile d’appliquer MVC à l’architecture Swing, cependant, celle-ci s’en inspire.</p>
<figure>
<img src="images/Swing-architecture.png" alt="MVC" /><figcaption>MVC</figcaption>
</figure>
</body>
</html>